MySQL的常识点有哪些

发布时间：2023-08-16 13:37:10 所属栏目：MySql教程来源：

导读：本篇内容主要讲解“MySQL的知识点有哪些”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“MySQL的知识点有哪些”吧!1.在CentOS6 上 MySQL重新部署

本篇内容主要讲解“MySQL的知识点有哪些”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“MySQL的知识点有哪些”吧!

1.在CentOS6 上 MySQL重新部署

1.1 先删除日志文件和数据文件

rm -rf arch/* data/*

1.2 再进行安装

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysqladmin --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

2. 空密码修改

show databases; -- 查看数据库列表

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

| testdb |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

use mysql; -- 使用mysql数据库

mysql> use mysql;

Database changed

show tables; -- 查看mysql数据库里面的table列表

mysql> show tables;

+---------------------------+

| Tables_in_mysql |

+---------------------------+

| columns_priv |

| db |

| event |

| func |

| general_log |

| help_category |

| help_keyword |

| help_relation |

| help_topic |

| innodb_index_stats |

| innodb_table_stats |

| ndb_binlog_index |

| plugin |

| proc |

| procs_priv |

| proxies_priv |

| servers |

| slave_master_info |

| slave_relay_log_info |

| slave_worker_info |

| slow_log |

| tables_priv |

| time_zone |

| time_zone_leap_second |

| time_zone_name |

| time_zone_transition |

| time_zone_transition_type |

| user |

+---------------------------+

28 rows in set (0.00 sec)

desc user; -- 查看user表的表结构

mysql> desc user;

+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+

+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+

| Host | char(60) | NO | PRI | | |

| User | char(16) | NO | PRI | | |

| Select_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Insert_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Update_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Delete_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Create_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Drop_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Reload_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Shutdown_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Process_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| File_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Grant_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| References_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Index_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Alter_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Show_db_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Super_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Create_tmp_table_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Lock_tables_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Execute_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Repl_slave_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Repl_client_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Create_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Show_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Create_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Alter_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Create_user_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Event_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Trigger_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| Create_tablespace_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

| max_questions | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |

| max_updates | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |

| max_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |

| max_user_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |

| password_expired | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |

+------------------------+-

show create table user; -- 查看user表的表结构，包含user表的创建脚本

mysql> show create table user \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Table: user

Create Table: CREATE TABLE `user` (

`Host` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`User` char(16) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`Password` char(41) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`Select_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Insert_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Update_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Delete_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Create_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Drop_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Reload_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Shutdown_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Process_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`File_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Grant_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`References_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Index_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Alter_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Show_db_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Super_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Create_tmp_table_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Lock_tables_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Execute_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Repl_slave_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Repl_client_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Create_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Show_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Create_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Alter_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Create_user_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Event_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Trigger_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`Create_tablespace_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

`ssl_type` enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`ssl_cipher` blob NOT NULL,

`x509_issuer` blob NOT NULL,

`x509_subject` blob NOT NULL,

`max_questions` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

`max_updates` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

`max_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

`max_user_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

`plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT 'mysql_native_password',

`authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin,

`password_expired` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',

PRIMARY KEY (`Host`,`User`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='Users and global privileges'

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

-- 查询 user表的允许访问的地址，登录名和登录密码

mysql> select Host,user,password from mysql.user;

+-----------+------+----------+

| Host | user | password |

+-----------+------+----------+

| localhost | root | |

| hadoop000 | root | |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | |

| ::1 | root | |

| localhost | | |

| hadoop000 | | |

+-----------+------+----------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 修改root账号的密码

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.03 sec)

Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0

-- 查询修改后的信息

mysql> select Host,user,password from mysql.user;

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| Host | user | password |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

| hadoop000 | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

| 127.0.0.1 | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

| ::1 | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

| localhost | | |

| hadoop000 | | |

+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 使修改生效

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql用户的权限操作，最后加 flush privileges;

3. 修改% 任意机器可访问

-- 将 hadoop000 修改为'%'后，表示任意机器都可访问

mysql> update mysql.user set Host='%' where Host='hadoop000';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed

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